Nails & Numbers

Sources & Method

Every number on this site traces to a published standard. Here is the list, and how each page is checked.

The standards used

Primary sources by subject area
SubjectStandard
Deck framingIRC Section R507 — beams R507.5, joists R507.6, posts R507.4
Guards & railingsIRC Section R312; loads from IRC Table R301.5
StairsIRC Section R311.7
Floor & roof framingIRC Tables R502.3.1, R802.4, R802.5
Wood design valuesAWC National Design Specification (NDS) and its Supplement
Prescriptive deck guidanceAWC DCA 6, Prescriptive Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide
Steel shapesAISC Steel Construction Manual shape tables
Pipe flowDarcy-Weisbach, Hazen-Williams, Colebrook-White
Sheet metal & guttersSMACNA Architectural Sheet Metal Manual

How values are verified

A figure does not go on a page until it has been read from the code text or the standard itself. Secondary sources — other calculator sites, summaries, aggregators — are not treated as sources, because they have repeatedly been found wrong. Two of the best-ranking deck calculators on the web currently disagree with IRC Table R507.5(1) and with each other.

Two specific traps are worth naming, because they caught us:

The build check

Every figure quoted in a worked example is declared as an assertion and executed against the same data the calculator uses, each time the site is rebuilt. If a table is edited and the paragraph beneath it no longer matches, the build fails and the page does not publish. The visible table and the calculator's own lookup are generated from a single source, so the two cannot drift apart.

Editions and amendments

Values here are drawn from the 2018 and 2021 IRC unless a page says otherwise. Adoption is state and county specific, and local amendments are common — some jurisdictions rewrite stair dimensions outright. Confirm against the edition your building department enforces.